![]() Because PEEP significantly increased the slope of the alveolar plateau from 28 to 74 mm Hg/L, the difference between PETCO2 and PAECO2 significantly increased to 6.6 mm Hg (approximately 20% difference). ![]() During baseline ventilation, PETCO2 was 3.4 mm Hg (approximately 11%) greater than PAECO2. Alveolar dead space to tidal volume fraction (VD/VT) was determined by /arterial PCO2, where alveolar PCO2 was determined by either PETCO2 or PAECO2. We determined PETCO2 and PAECO before and after the application of 7.6 cm H2O PEEP. Accordingly, in six anesthetized ventilated dogs, we digitally measured and processed tidal PCO2 and flow to determine VDANAT. In conditions such as mechanical ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), where the alveolar plateau can have a significant positive slope, we questioned how much PETCO2 could overestimate PAECO2. In contrast, end-tidal PCO2 (PETCO2) only measures PCO2 in the last small volume of exhalate. ![]() PAECO2 can be determined from a modified analysis of the Fowler anatomic dead space (VDANAT). The measurement of average alveolar expired PCO2 (PAECO2) weights each PCO2 value on the alveolar plateau of the CO2 expirogram by the simultaneous change in exhaled volume.
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